Trimension on "Again: After Moving Wordpress and Uploads Folder, Images not shown by Wordpress"

Again and Again... I found lots of documents, all describing the same Thing: Just move to the new Server, change home and siteurl-option and change the links in your post... and it should work...

but it doesm't!

What I have done:

I'm installing a Test-System running with Debian and Apache-Webserver and its own (local) domain. I copied the whole installation from the developing System including images to the new Test-Server

Then I made a dump from my development database and restored it into the test's system db... all just fine

I changed the URL' within the wp_options table and I can see the site with the Browser but without Images!

The Images reside in the <wproot>/media folder and in wp-config I set the define('UPLOADS', 'media'); exacly like the documentation says...

Well, after changing all the URL's within the posts it still does not work!

When I inspect the html-code with the browser I see the correct Links to the Images! When I put these Links directly into the Browser's Address Line, it shows me the image like expected.....

All seems to be configured right. But it looks like WordPress does not use these links at all. Seems that it looks somewhere else. How can I fix this problem and what is the problem at all ?

I'm still try to fix this problem since about three days and I do not understand whats going on here and what very exotic magic wordpress is using here.

Please help!